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Question 1 of 40 Quiz ID: q1

What fundamental concept does the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics establish?

The conservation of energy

The definition of temperature and thermal equilibrium

The impossibility of perpetual motion

The direction of spontaneous processes

Question 2 of 40 Quiz ID: q2

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics for a closed system undergoing a cycle, what is the relationship between net heat and net work?

∑Q - ∑W = 0

∑Q + ∑W = 0

∑Q = ∑W

∑Q / ∑W = constant

Question 3 of 40 Quiz ID: q3

In the standard sign convention for thermodynamics, which scenario is considered POSITIVE work?

Work done on the system by its surroundings

Work done by the system on its surroundings

Work done during compression

Work done when volume decreases

Question 4 of 40 Quiz ID: q4

A steam power plant turbine develops 1 MW. Heat supplied to steam is 2800 kJ/kg, heat rejected is 2100 kJ/kg, and the feed pump requires 5 kW. What is the steam mass flow rate?

1.000 kg/s

1.421 kg/s

2.000 kg/s

0.476 kg/s

Question 5 of 40 Quiz ID: q5

Corollary 1 of the First Law introduces a property (X) whose change equals the sum of net heat and work transfer. What is this property?

Enthalpy (H)

Entropy (S)

Internal Energy (U)

Gibbs Free Energy (G)

Question 6 of 40 Quiz ID: q6

If a closed system is completely isolated from its surroundings (adiabatic and no work interaction), what does Corollary 2 of the First Law state about its internal energy?

It will increase continuously

It will decrease to zero

It will remain unchanged

It will fluctuate randomly

Question 7 of 40 Quiz ID: q7

What does Corollary 3 of the First Law declare to be impossible?

A heat engine with 100% efficiency

A process that decreases entropy

A perpetual motion machine of the first kind (PMM1)

Reaching absolute zero temperature

Question 8 of 40 Quiz ID: q8

For a closed system, the Non-Flow Energy Equation is given by:

Q - W = ΔU

Q + W = ΔH

Q - W = ΔU + ΔKE + ΔPE

Q + W = ΔU + ΔKE + ΔPE

Question 9 of 40 Quiz ID: q9

In an air motor, compressed air expands (U_initial=420 kJ/kg, U_final=200 kJ/kg) doing 100 kJ/kg of work. What is the heat transfer?

120 kJ/kg rejected

120 kJ/kg supplied

320 kJ/kg supplied

720 kJ/kg rejected

Question 10 of 40 Quiz ID: q10

For an open system (control volume), what additional energy term must be considered for mass crossing the boundary, compared to a closed system?

Internal Energy (u)

Flow Work (Pv)

Kinetic Energy (C²/2)

Potential Energy (gz)

Question 11 of 40 Quiz ID: q11

The specific enthalpy (h) is defined as:

u + P

u + Pv

Pv + C²/2

u + KE + PE

Question 12 of 40 Quiz ID: q12

The general energy balance equation for a transient open system is:

Q - W = ∑m_eθ_e - ∑m_iθ_i

Q - W + ∑m_iθ_i - ∑m_eθ_e = ΔE_CV

ṁ (θ_e - θ_i) = ΔE_CV

Q - W = ΔU

Question 13 of 40 Quiz ID: q13

A steady flow process is characterized by:

Properties within the control volume change with time

Properties at the inlets and outlets change with time

Properties at any point within the control volume do not change with time

The mass flow rate at the inlet is always greater than at the outlet

Question 14 of 40 Quiz ID: q14

For a steady-state, steady-flow process with one inlet and one outlet, the energy balance simplifies to:

Q - W = m (u_e - u_i)

Q - W = m (h_e - h_i)

Q - W = m [(h_e - h_i) + (C_e² - C_i²)/2 + g(z_e - z_i)]

Q + W = m [(h_e - h_i) + (C_e² - C_i²)/2 + g(z_e - z_i)]

Question 15 of 40 Quiz ID: q15

The term (h + C²/2 + gz) in the SFEE represents:

The total energy stored within the control volume

The total energy transferred as heat

The total specific energy of a flowing stream

The work done by the system

Question 16 of 40 Quiz ID: q16

In the SFEE written for a rate basis (kW), what does the symbol Ẇ represent?

Total work done

Power, or the rate of work transfer

Specific work (kJ/kg)

Flow work rate

Question 17 of 40 Quiz ID: q17

For a system in steady state, which of the following is TRUE?

The mass inside the control volume must be zero

The mass inside the control volume is constant

The enthalpy inside the control volume must be zero

The pressure must be uniform throughout the control volume

Question 18 of 40 Quiz ID: q18

The primary historical figure associated with the experimental demonstration of the equivalence of heat and work, leading to the First Law, is:

Niels Bohr

James Prescott Joule

Sadi Carnot

Lord Kelvin

Question 19 of 40 Quiz ID: q19

The Zeroth Law is necessary because it:

Was discovered after the First and Second Laws

Provides a logical foundation for the concept of temperature

Defines the conservation of energy principle

Explains the direction of heat transfer

Question 20 of 40 Quiz ID: q20

In the context of the First Law, 'energy is a conserved property' means:

The total energy of an isolated system is constant

Energy conversion processes are 100% efficient

Energy has a constant monetary value

The internal energy of a system can never change

Question 21 of 40 Quiz ID: q21

If the net work done BY a closed system during a cycle is positive, what must be true about the net heat transfer?

Net heat transfer is positive (into the system)

Net heat transfer is negative (out of the system)

Net heat transfer must be zero

It cannot be determined from the work alone

Question 22 of 40 Quiz ID: q22

The proof of Corollary 1 (existence of internal energy) relies on applying the First Law to:

A single process between two states

Two different processes between the same two states

An adiabatic process only

A cycle composed of three processes

Question 23 of 40 Quiz ID: q23

For an adiabatic (Q=0) closed system, the change in internal energy is equal to:

Zero

The net heat transfer

The negative of the net work transfer

The net work transfer

Question 24 of 40 Quiz ID: q24

The flow work term (Pv) for a substance entering a control volume represents:

The work done by the fluid inside the CV

The work done by the surroundings to push the fluid into the CV

The kinetic energy of the flow

The shaft work delivered by the system

Question 25 of 40 Quiz ID: q25

In the SFEE, if kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible, the equation simplifies to:

Q - W = m(u_e - u_i)

Q - W = m(h_e - h_i)

Q + W = m(h_e - h_i)

Q - W = 0

Question 26 of 40 Quiz ID: q26

A nozzle is a device designed to increase a fluid's velocity. For a well-insulated nozzle operating at steady state with negligible potential energy change, the SFEE simplifies to:

h_e = h_i

h_e + C_e²/2 = h_i + C_i²/2

W = h_e - h_i

Q = C_e²/2 - C_i²/2

Question 27 of 40 Quiz ID: q27

A key difference between the closed system (Q - W = ΔU + ΔKE + ΔPE) and open system SFEE is the replacement of internal energy (u) with which property?

Entropy (s)

Enthalpy (h)

Pressure (P)

Volume (v)

Question 28 of 40 Quiz ID: q28

The 'Muddiest Point' technique used at the end of the lecture is primarily a tool for:

Introducing new complex topics

Assessing student confusion and identifying topics needing review

Giving a final exam

Providing historical context

Question 29 of 40 Quiz ID: q29

For a throttling valve (e.g., a partially opened valve), which is often modeled as a steady-state process with no heat or work transfer, the SFEE implies:

Temperature remains constant

Enthalpy remains constant

Pressure remains constant

Velocity remains constant

Question 30 of 40 Quiz ID: q30

The work term (W) in the general energy balance for an open system (Q - W + ∑m_iθ_i - ∑m_eθ_e = ΔE_CV) typically includes:

Only shaft work

Only flow work

Only boundary work

Shaft work and possibly other forms like electrical work, but NOT flow work

Question 31 of 40 Quiz ID: q31

If the mass flow rate at the inlet of a steady-state device is 5 kg/s, what is the mass flow rate at the outlet?

Less than 5 kg/s

Greater than 5 kg/s

Exactly 5 kg/s

It depends on the pressure drop

Question 32 of 40 Quiz ID: q32

The statement 'Properties at the boundaries do not change with time' is a characteristic of:

A transient process

A steady-flow process

An isolated system

A closed system only

Question 33 of 40 Quiz ID: q33

The First Law statement ∑Q + ∑W = 0 applies strictly to:

Any process

Cyclic processes only

Adiabatic processes only

Processes with no work interaction

Question 34 of 40 Quiz ID: q34

The specific internal energy (u) of a substance is primarily a function of:

Velocity and position

Temperature and specific volume (or pressure)

Pressure only

Flow work only

Question 35 of 40 Quiz ID: q35

In the context of the First Law, 'energy is a conserved property' means:

The total energy of an isolated system is constant

Energy conversion processes are 100% efficient

Energy has a constant monetary value

The internal energy of a system can never change

Question 36 of 40 Quiz ID: q36

For a system undergoing a process where ΔU = -50 kJ and W = +30 kJ (work done by system), the heat transfer (Q) is:

+80 kJ (added)

-80 kJ (rejected)

+20 kJ (added)

-20 kJ (rejected)

Question 37 of 40 Quiz ID: q37

The term 'w_flow = Pv' has units of:

kW

kJ

kJ/kg

kg/m³

Question 38 of 40 Quiz ID: q38

A turbine produces work. In the SFEE for a turbine, the work term (W) is:

Positive

Negative

Zero

Equal to the heat transfer

Question 39 of 40 Quiz ID: q39

The primary purpose of a feed pump in a steam power plant cycle is to:

Add heat to the water

Do work ON the water to increase its pressure

Convert thermal energy to kinetic energy

Reject heat to the surroundings

Question 40 of 40 Quiz ID: q40

The Zeroth Law allows us to use a thermometer because it implies that the thermometer reading represents the __________ of the system it's in contact with.

Internal energy

Temperature

Pressure

Enthalpy

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