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Question 1 of 50 Quiz ID: q1

Which of the following is NOT a primary service provided by an operating system?

User Interface

Program Execution

Hardware Manufacturing

I/O Operations

Question 2 of 50 Quiz ID: q2

What are the three most common types of user interfaces mentioned?

CLI, GUI, Batch

Touch, Voice, Gesture

CLI, GUI, Touchscreen

Text, Graphic, Audio

Question 3 of 50 Quiz ID: q3

What is the primary function of a Command-Line Interpreter (CLI) or shell?

To manage hardware resources directly

To provide a graphical desktop environment

To fetch a command from the user and execute it

To compile source code into executable programs

Question 4 of 50 Quiz ID: q4

Which company's research center is credited with inventing the GUI desktop metaphor?

Apple

Microsoft

Xerox PARC

IBM

Question 5 of 50 Quiz ID: q5

What is the primary purpose of system calls?

To provide a user-friendly interface for games

To serve as a programming interface to the services provided by the OS

To increase the processing speed of the CPU

To manage the physical hardware manufacturing process

Question 6 of 50 Quiz ID: q6

Which of these is a common API for POSIX-based systems like UNIX and Linux?

Win32 API

Java API

POSIX API

.NET API

Question 7 of 50 Quiz ID: q7

How is the `read()` system call typically accessed by a programmer?

By writing assembly code to interact directly with the CPU register

Through a high-level Application Programming Interface (API)

By modifying the kernel source code

Through the BIOS settings

Question 8 of 50 Quiz ID: q8

What does the `ssize_t` data type represent in the `read()` system call API?

The size of the system's hard drive

The number of bytes successfully read

The speed of the read operation

The security status of the file

Question 9 of 50 Quiz ID: q9

What is the role of the system-call interface?

To design new system calls

To provide a graphical interface for system configuration

To maintain a table indexed by system call numbers and invoke the intended call in the OS kernel

To manage user authentication and passwords

Question 10 of 50 Quiz ID: q10

Which method is used by Linux and Solaris to pass parameters to a system call when there are too many for registers?

Pass parameters via a network packet

Store parameters in a block in memory and pass the block's address in a register

Encode parameters into the system call number itself

Require the programmer to use fewer parameters

Question 11 of 50 Quiz ID: q11

Which of the following is a type of system call?

Hardware Design

Process Control

User Interface Theming

Internet Browsing

Question 12 of 50 Quiz ID: q12

What is the purpose of the 'wait()' system call?

To pause the execution of a process until a child process terminates

To wait for a user to press a key on the keyboard

To wait for a network packet to arrive

To put the entire operating system to sleep

Question 13 of 50 Quiz ID: q13

In the context of system calls, what does 'reposition' typically refer to?

Moving a file to a different folder

Changing the physical location of a hardware device

Moving the current access position within an open file or device

Relocating the operating system in memory

Question 14 of 50 Quiz ID: q14

Which Windows system call is roughly equivalent to the UNIX 'fork()'?

CreateProcess()

ExitProcess()

WaitForSingleObject()

CreateFile()

Question 15 of 50 Quiz ID: q15

What is the main goal of the OS's file-system management?

To design new hard drive hardware

To provide a uniform, logical view of information storage, hiding physical properties

To increase the clock speed of the CPU

To assign unique IDs to every user

Question 16 of 50 Quiz ID: q16

When a C program uses `printf()`, what underlying system call does it typically use in UNIX/Linux?

read()

open()

write()

fork()

Question 17 of 50 Quiz ID: q17

How does an Arduino typically load and execute a user program (sketch)?

From a hard disk drive after booting a full OS

Via a USB connection into flash memory, loaded by a boot loader

By reading it from a network server

By interpreting Java bytecode

Question 18 of 50 Quiz ID: q18

In a FreeBSD system, what does a shell typically do to run a program?

It directly modifies the kernel's memory

It calls `fork()` to create a new process and then `exec()` to load the program into that process

It sends the program code to the CPU via a special instruction

It compiles the program from source code each time

Question 19 of 50 Quiz ID: q19

What is the primary role of a 'Linker'?

To bring a program from disk into memory for execution

To combine multiple object files and libraries into a single executable file

To translate source code into object code

To manage running processes in memory

Question 20 of 50 Quiz ID: q20

What is the primary role of a 'Loader'?

To combine object files into an executable

To bring an executable program from disk into memory and start its execution

To compile source code

To manage dynamic libraries

Question 21 of 50 Quiz ID: q21

What is a key advantage of using Dynamically Linked Libraries (DLLs)?

They make executable files smaller and allow library code to be shared in memory

They execute faster than statically linked code

They are easier for programmers to write

They are required for all operating systems

Question 22 of 50 Quiz ID: q22

Why are applications typically specific to an operating system?

Because all operating systems use the same CPU instruction set

Because each OS provides its own unique set of system calls, file formats, and ABIs

Because programmers are lazy

Because of international software laws

Question 23 of 50 Quiz ID: q23

What does ABI stand for?

Application Binary Interface

Advanced Boot Initialization

Abstract Binding Instruction

Application Building Interface

Question 24 of 50 Quiz ID: q24

What is the principle of separating policy from mechanism?

Policies are implemented in hardware, mechanisms in software

The 'what' (policy) is separated from the 'how' (mechanism) for greater flexibility

Mechanisms are decided by users, policies by the OS

It means the OS should have no policies

Question 25 of 50 Quiz ID: q25

What is a common reason for implementing an OS in a high-level language like C?

To make the OS run slower for stability

To make the OS easier to port to different hardware architectures

To ensure only one company can maintain it

To prevent users from reading the source code

Question 26 of 50 Quiz ID: q26

What is the defining characteristic of a monolithic operating system structure?

The entire OS runs as a single program in kernel space

The OS is broken into small, isolated modules that run in user space

The OS is divided into many hierarchical layers

The OS has no kernel

Question 27 of 50 Quiz ID: q27

Which operating system is cited as an example of a traditional monolithic structure?

Windows NT

Original UNIX

Mach

Android

Question 28 of 50 Quiz ID: q28

What is the main idea behind the microkernel approach?

To make the kernel as large and feature-rich as possible

To move as many services as possible from kernel space into user space

To eliminate all user space components

To run the entire OS as a single process

Question 29 of 50 Quiz ID: q29

What is a potential detriment of a microkernel architecture?

Lack of security

Performance overhead due to communication between user-space services and the kernel

Inability to run multiple processes

Extremely large kernel size

Question 30 of 50 Quiz ID: q30

What are Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs)?

User-level applications that can be started and stopped

Parts of the kernel that can be loaded and unloaded dynamically as needed

Libraries used by application programs

Hardware components that can be hot-swapped

Question 31 of 50 Quiz ID: q31

What is the name of the hybrid kernel at the core of Mac OS X and iOS?

NT Kernel

Linux

Darwin

Solaris

Question 32 of 50 Quiz ID: q32

What is the role of the Dalvik Virtual Machine (VM) in older Android versions?

To execute Java bytecode for Android applications

To manage the Linux kernel

To provide the native user interface

To handle hardware drivers directly

Question 33 of 50 Quiz ID: q33

What is the first step in building the Linux kernel from source?

`make install`

`make menuconfig`

`make`

Download the source code

Question 34 of 50 Quiz ID: q34

What is the final kernel image file produced by compiling the Linux kernel called?

kernel.exe

vmlinuz

initrd

grub.cfg

Question 35 of 50 Quiz ID: q35

What is the small piece of code that locates and loads the OS kernel into memory?

The Linker

The Bootstrap Loader

The System Call Interface

The Compiler

Question 36 of 50 Quiz ID: q36

What does UEFI stand for?

Universal Electronic Firmware Interface

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

United Ethernet Frequency Interconnect

User Execution Framework Instruction

Question 37 of 50 Quiz ID: q37

What is a common, powerful bootstrap loader used in many Linux systems?

BOOTMGR

LILO

GRUB

NTLDR

Question 38 of 50 Quiz ID: q38

What is the purpose of a 'core dump' file?

To speed up the computer

To capture the state of a process's memory at the time of a failure for debugging

To backup the entire hard drive

To store user preferences

Question 39 of 50 Quiz ID: q39

What is 'profiling' in the context of performance tuning?

Creating user account pictures

Periodically sampling the instruction pointer to identify statistical trends in code execution

Designing the graphical look of the OS

Writing a summary of the system's capabilities

Question 40 of 50 Quiz ID: q40

Which tool is used to trace system calls invoked by a process in Linux?

gdb

perf

strace

tcpdump

Question 41 of 50 Quiz ID: q41

Which service is responsible for controlling access to system resources?

Logging

Protection and Security

Program Execution

Communications

Question 42 of 50 Quiz ID: q42

What is the key difference between 'protection' and 'security' as OS services?

They are identical terms

Protection is internal control of resources; security defends against external threats

Security is for hardware, protection is for software

Protection is for files, security is for networks

Question 43 of 50 Quiz ID: q43

In the layered OS design approach, what is the highest layer?

The Hardware (Layer 0)

The Kernel (Layer 1)

The User Interface (Layer N)

The Memory Manager

Question 44 of 50 Quiz ID: q44

What is the main communication method between components in a microkernel system?

Shared Memory

Direct Function Calls

Message Passing

Global Variables

Question 45 of 50 Quiz ID: q45

What does BCC (BPF Compiler Collection) provide?

A new programming language

A rich toolkit of tracing tools for Linux performance analysis and debugging

A boot loader for Windows

A graphical desktop environment

Question 46 of 50 Quiz ID: q46

What is the purpose of the 'iokit' in the macOS Darwin kernel?

It is the Java virtual machine

It is a framework for writing device drivers (kernel extensions)

It provides the Aqua user interface

It manages the iOS app store

Question 47 of 50 Quiz ID: q47

Which library in Android provides a smaller C standard library implementation?

webkit

SQLite

Bionic

OpenGL

Question 48 of 50 Quiz ID: q48

What does the 'make modules_install' command do when building the Linux kernel?

Downloads the kernel source code

Configures the kernel options

Compiles the kernel source into the vmlinuz image

Installs the compiled kernel modules into the appropriate directory

Question 49 of 50 Quiz ID: q49

According to Kernighan's Law, how does the difficulty of debugging compare to writing code?

Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code

Writing code is twice as hard as debugging

They are equally difficult

Debugging is only for beginners

Question 50 of 50 Quiz ID: q50

What is the ultimate goal of performance tuning?

To make the system use more resources

To remove bottlenecks and improve overall system behavior

To add more decorative features to the UI

To change the system's color scheme

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