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Question 1 of 60 Quiz ID: q1

What is the primary role of an operating system?

To run application software like web browsers and games

To act as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware

To design and manufacture computer hardware components

To provide internet connectivity and web hosting services

Question 2 of 60 Quiz ID: q2

Which component of a computer system provides the basic computing resources like the CPU and memory?

Application Programs

Operating System

Hardware

Users

Question 3 of 60 Quiz ID: q3

What is the name of the program that initializes the system and loads the operating system kernel?

Device Driver

System Call

Bootstrap Program

Interrupt Handler

Question 4 of 60 Quiz ID: q4

How does a device controller typically inform the CPU that it has finished an operation?

By sending an email

By writing a message to main memory

By causing an interrupt

By changing a value in its local buffer

Question 5 of 60 Quiz ID: q5

What is a "trap" or "exception" in the context of operating systems?

A hardware failure that crashes the system

A physical switch on the computer case

A software-generated interrupt caused by an error or user request

A type of computer virus

Question 6 of 60 Quiz ID: q6

What is the main purpose of Direct Memory Access (DMA)?

To allow the CPU to execute multiple programs at once

To let device controllers transfer data directly to main memory without constant CPU intervention

To provide a user-friendly interface for file management

To increase the size of the main memory

Question 7 of 60 Quiz ID: q7

The technique where the CPU switches between multiple jobs in memory so it always has one to execute is called:

Multitasking

Multiprogramming

Multiprocessing

Multithreading

Question 8 of 60 Quiz ID: q8

What is the key characteristic of a timesharing (multitasking) system?

It runs only one program at a time

It switches jobs so frequently that users can interact with each job interactively

It uses multiple, specialized processors for different tasks

It is only used in large mainframe computers

Question 9 of 60 Quiz ID: q9

What hardware feature allows the OS to protect itself by distinguishing between user code and kernel code?

A timer

A mode bit

A DMA controller

A device driver

Question 10 of 60 Quiz ID: q10

What happens to the mode bit when a system call is executed?

It is set to "user"

It is set to "kernel"

It is turned off

It is not affected by system calls

Question 11 of 60 Quiz ID: q11

What is the purpose of a timer in an operating system?

To display the current time for the user

To prevent a process from hogging the CPU by generating an interrupt after a time period

To speed up the execution of privileged instructions

To manage the battery life on mobile devices

Question 12 of 60 Quiz ID: q12

What is the fundamental difference between a program and a process?

A program is written in code, a process is written in English

A program is an active entity, while a process is a passive entity

A program is a passive entity, while a process is an active instance of an executing program

There is no difference; the terms are interchangeable

Question 13 of 60 Quiz ID: q13

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of process management?

Creating and deleting processes

Suspending and resuming processes

Providing mechanisms for process synchronization

Directly managing the physical properties of the hard disk platters

Question 14 of 60 Quiz ID: q14

The concept of moving processes in and out of memory to run them is called:

Caching

Spooling

Swapping

Scheduling

Question 15 of 60 Quiz ID: q15

What is the main goal of the OS's file-system management?

To design new hard drive hardware

To provide a uniform, logical view of information storage, hiding physical properties

To increase the clock speed of the CPU

To assign unique IDs to every user

Question 16 of 60 Quiz ID: q16

Which OS activity involves deciding which free blocks on a disk to use for a new file?

Disk Scheduling

Free-space Management

Mounting

Protection

Question 17 of 60 Quiz ID: q17

What is the principle of copying information into a faster storage system to improve performance called?

Spooling

Buffering

Caching

Swapping

Question 18 of 60 Quiz ID: q18

In the storage hierarchy, which level is typically the fastest and smallest?

Main Memory (RAM)

Solid-State Disk (SSD)

Registers

Magnetic Disk (HDD)

Question 19 of 60 Quiz ID: q19

What is the major challenge in a multiprocessor environment regarding data in multiple caches?

Cache size

Cache coherency

Cache color

Cache price

Question 20 of 60 Quiz ID: q20

The I/O subsystem is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT:

Buffering data during transfer

Caching parts of data for performance

Providing a general device-driver interface

Manufacturing new hardware devices

Question 21 of 60 Quiz ID: q21

What is the difference between protection and security?

Protection is against hardware failure, security is against software bugs

Protection controls access to resources, while security defends the entire system from attacks

Protection is for files, security is for networks

They are identical concepts

Question 22 of 60 Quiz ID: q22

What mechanism allows a user to temporarily gain more rights to perform a specific task?

User ID assignment

Group ID assignment

Privilege escalation

Mode bit switching

Question 23 of 60 Quiz ID: q23

What is the key difference between virtualization and emulation?

Virtualization is slower than emulation

Emulation is used for the same CPU type, virtualization for different CPU types

Virtualization runs a guest OS natively compiled for the CPU, while emulation translates instructions for a different CPU type

Emulation is a type of cloud computing

Question 24 of 60 Quiz ID: q24

In a clustered system, what do nodes typically share to maintain a single view of data?

A single power supply

A common user interface

Storage via a Storage-Area Network (SAN)

The same brand of processor

Question 25 of 60 Quiz ID: q25

In a Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) system, how are the processors organized?

One master processor controls all others

All processors are peers and can perform any task

Each processor is assigned a specific, fixed task

Processors do not share a common main memory

Question 26 of 60 Quiz ID: q26

What is a key characteristic of a Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) system?

All processors have equal access time to all memory

Access time to memory depends on the memory location relative to a processor

It does not allow multiple processors

It is only used in personal computers

Question 27 of 60 Quiz ID: q27

Which computing environment delivers computing and storage as a service over a network, often using a pay-per-use model?

Client-Server

Peer-to-Peer

Cloud Computing

Real-Time Embedded

Question 28 of 60 Quiz ID: q28

Which type of cloud is run by a company for its own internal use?

Public Cloud

Private Cloud

Hybrid Cloud

Community Cloud

Question 29 of 60 Quiz ID: q29

What is the defining constraint for a Real-Time Embedded system?

It must be the smallest possible size

It must be the cheapest to manufacture

Processing must be completed within well-defined, fixed time constraints

It must run a general-purpose operating system

Question 30 of 60 Quiz ID: q30

Which kernel data structure is a string of n binary digits used to represent the status of n items very efficiently?

Linked List

Binary Search Tree

Hash Map

Bitmap

Question 31 of 60 Quiz ID: q31

From an OS perspective, what is the main goal of a mainframe or minicomputer operating system?

To maximize battery life

To act as a resource allocator to keep all users happy

To provide the best single-user gaming experience

To optimize for touch screen interfaces

Question 32 of 60 Quiz ID: q32

According to the text, what is the "one program running at all times on the computer" called?

The Application

The Bootstrap Program

The Kernel

The Middleware

Question 33 of 60 Quiz ID: q33

What provides a uniform interface between a hardware device controller and the kernel?

A System Call

A Device Driver

An Interrupt Vector

The System Bus

Question 34 of 60 Quiz ID: q34

The interrupt service routine addresses for various devices are stored in a table called the:

Device Status Table

Interrupt Vector

System Call Table

Boot Sector

Question 35 of 60 Quiz ID: q35

In the I/O cycle, what does the CPU do between instructions?

Rests to cool down

Checks for interrupts

Switches to kernel mode

Writes data to the disk

Question 36 of 60 Quiz ID: q36

Which I/O method allows control to return to the user program without waiting for the I/O operation to complete?

Synchronous I/O

Wait-loop I/O

Asynchronous I/O

Single-threaded I/O

Question 37 of 60 Quiz ID: q37

What is the primary characteristic of Main Memory (RAM) that allows the CPU to access any location directly?

Non-volatility

Random Access

Low Cost

High Capacity

Question 38 of 60 Quiz ID: q38

What is the fundamental unit of computer storage, representing a single 0 or 1?

A Byte

A Word

A Bit

A Nibble

Question 39 of 60 Quiz ID: q39

In the storage hierarchy, what is the purpose of secondary storage?

To provide the fastest possible access for the CPU

To act as an extension of main memory with large nonvolatile capacity

To store the kernel's data structures

To manage device drivers

Question 40 of 60 Quiz ID: q40

What logical divisions is a magnetic hard disk surface split into?

Tracks and Sectors

Blocks and Pages

Frames and Segments

Arrays and Lists

Question 41 of 60 Quiz ID: q41

The technique where the main memory acts as a cache for secondary storage is a description of:

Buffering

Spooling

Virtual Memory

Job Scheduling

Question 42 of 60 Quiz ID: q42

The von Neumann architecture is characterized by:

Separate memory for instructions and data

A single bus for both instructions and data

The lack of a central processing unit

Using quantum bits for computation

Question 43 of 60 Quiz ID: q43

What is the main advantage of Direct Memory Access (DMA)?

It increases the CPU's clock speed

It allows the OS to handle more system calls

It generates one interrupt per block of data instead of per byte

It makes the storage devices non-volatile

Question 44 of 60 Quiz ID: q44

System daemons are best described as:

Malicious software that must be removed

Services provided outside of the kernel

The instructions stored in the CPU registers

Another name for application programs

Question 45 of 60 Quiz ID: q45

In a multiprogrammed system, what does the OS do when a job has to wait for I/O?

It shuts down the computer

It switches to another job

It displays an error message to the user

It increases the job's priority

Question 46 of 60 Quiz ID: q46

What mechanism allows for the execution of a process that is not completely in memory?

Dual-mode Operation

Direct Memory Access (DMA)

Virtual Memory

Interrupt Handling

Question 47 of 60 Quiz ID: q47

The memory layout diagram showing the OS and multiple processes illustrates which concept?

Multiprogramming

Microkernels

Storage Hierarchy

System Boot

Question 48 of 60 Quiz ID: q48

Which of the following instructions can only be executed in kernel mode?

A standard arithmetic instruction

A privileged instruction

A function call in a user program

A request to open a file

Question 49 of 60 Quiz ID: q49

A multi-threaded process differs from a single-threaded process by having:

Multiple program counters

Multiple operating systems

A larger virtual memory space

A higher priority for CPU scheduling

Question 50 of 60 Quiz ID: q50

Which OS activity involves deciding which processes to move into and out of memory?

Process Synchronization

Deadlock Handling

Memory Management

File-system Management

Question 51 of 60 Quiz ID: q51

The abstract concept of a file is used by the OS to:

Hide the peculiarities of hardware devices

Increase the speed of the CPU

Manage power consumption

Assign security IDs to users

Question 52 of 60 Quiz ID: q52

What is the primary reason why proper disk management is "of central importance" to system speed?

Disks are the most expensive component

The entire speed of computer operation hinges on the disk subsystem

Disks have the smallest capacity in the storage hierarchy

Disks are the easiest component to replace

Question 53 of 60 Quiz ID: q53

The principle of caching is applied at many levels in a computer system. Where is it NOT typically used?

In hardware (CPU caches)

In the operating system (disk caching)

In software (web browser caching)

In the physical wiring of the system bus

Question 54 of 60 Quiz ID: q54

In the "Migration of data A" diagram, what is the path of data from slowest to fastest storage?

Disk → Memory → Cache → Register

Cache → Disk → Memory → Register

Memory → Disk → Cache → Register

Question 55 of 60 Quiz ID: q55

Spooling is a technique used by the I/O subsystem to manage data by:

Overlapping the output of one job with the computation of other jobs

Speeding up the CPU's clock cycles

Encrypting all data sent to a printer

Compressing files on the hard disk

Question 56 of 60 Quiz ID: q56

A Security ID (SID) or User ID (UID) is used by the OS primarily to:

Determine the execution speed of a process

Control access to resources and determine who can do what

Calculate the size of a file

Manage the free space on a disk

Question 57 of 60 Quiz ID: q57

In virtualization, what is the role of the Virtual Machine Manager (VMM)?

To act as the host operating system

To provide virtualization services to guest operating systems

To compile source code into machine language

To manage the computer's physical cooling system

Question 58 of 60 Quiz ID: q58

A key characteristic of a Network Operating System is that it:

Only runs on one specific brand of hardware

Provides features for systems to communicate and exchange messages across a network

Has no need for security or protection

Is the same as a distributed operating system with a single system view

Question 59 of 60 Quiz ID: q59

What is a major advantage of a multiprocessor system?

Each processor requires its own dedicated operating system

It is always cheaper than a single-processor system

It can provide increased reliability through graceful degradation

It simplifies the writing of application software

Question 60 of 60 Quiz ID: q60

In a clustered system, what is the purpose of a Distributed Lock Manager (DLM)?

To physically lock the computer chassis

To avoid conflicting operations on shared resources

To manage the cluster's power supply units

To prevent users from logging in remotely

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