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Question 1 of 60 Quiz ID: q1
What are the three basic steps in query processing?
Question 2 of 60 Quiz ID: q2
During the parsing and translation step, what does the parser check?
Question 3 of 60 Quiz ID: q3
What is the internal form that queries are translated into during parsing?
Question 4 of 60 Quiz ID: q4
What does the query-execution engine do during the evaluation step?
Question 5 of 60 Quiz ID: q5
Consider the query 'select balance from account where balance<2500'. Which of the following relational algebra expressions are equivalent?
Question 6 of 60 Quiz ID: q6
What is an evaluation plan?
Question 7 of 60 Quiz ID: q7
For finding accounts with balance < 2500, which evaluation strategies are mentioned?
Question 8 of 60 Quiz ID: q8
What is the primary goal of query optimization?
Question 9 of 60 Quiz ID: q9
How is cost estimated during query optimization?
Question 10 of 60 Quiz ID: q10
Query cost is generally measured as:
Question 11 of 60 Quiz ID: q11
Which factors contribute to query time cost?
Question 12 of 60 Quiz ID: q12
What is typically the predominant cost factor in query execution?
Question 13 of 60 Quiz ID: q13
How is disk access cost measured?
Question 14 of 60 Quiz ID: q14
Why is the cost to write a block greater than the cost to read a block?
Question 15 of 60 Quiz ID: q15
What can make the cost difference between evaluation plans for a query?
Question 16 of 60 Quiz ID: q16
What are the three steps in cost-based query optimization?
Question 17 of 60 Quiz ID: q17
What statistical information about relations is used for cost estimation?
Question 18 of 60 Quiz ID: q18
Why are statistics estimation for intermediate results important?
Question 19 of 60 Quiz ID: q19
How are cost formulae for algorithms computed?
Question 20 of 60 Quiz ID: q20
What is a transaction in database systems?
Question 21 of 60 Quiz ID: q21
What must a transaction see when it begins execution?
Question 22 of 60 Quiz ID: q22
What can happen to the database during transaction execution?
Question 23 of 60 Quiz ID: q23
What must be true when a transaction completes successfully?
Question 24 of 60 Quiz ID: q24
What happens to changes made by a committed transaction?
Question 25 of 60 Quiz ID: q25
Can multiple transactions execute in parallel?
Question 26 of 60 Quiz ID: q26
What are the two main issues to deal with in transaction processing?
Question 27 of 60 Quiz ID: q27
What does the 'A' in ACID properties stand for?
Question 28 of 60 Quiz ID: q28
What does Atomicity ensure in transactions?
Question 29 of 60 Quiz ID: q29
What does Consistency mean in ACID properties?
Question 30 of 60 Quiz ID: q30
What does Isolation ensure in transaction processing?
Question 31 of 60 Quiz ID: q31
According to the Isolation property, what must be hidden from concurrently executed transactions?
Question 32 of 60 Quiz ID: q32
For any pair of transactions Ti and Tj under Isolation, how should they appear to each other?
Question 33 of 60 Quiz ID: q33
What does Durability ensure in ACID properties?
Question 34 of 60 Quiz ID: q34
In the fund transfer example, what is the sequence of operations to transfer $50 from account A to account B?
Question 35 of 60 Quiz ID: q35
What does the Atomicity requirement ensure in the fund transfer example?
Question 36 of 60 Quiz ID: q36
What does the Consistency requirement ensure in the fund transfer example?
Question 37 of 60 Quiz ID: q37
What problem does the Isolation requirement address in the fund transfer example?
Question 38 of 60 Quiz ID: q38
How can Isolation be ensured trivially?
Question 39 of 60 Quiz ID: q39
Why is executing multiple transactions concurrently beneficial despite isolation challenges?
Question 40 of 60 Quiz ID: q40
What does the Durability requirement ensure in the fund transfer example?
Question 41 of 60 Quiz ID: q41
What is the initial state of a transaction called?
Question 42 of 60 Quiz ID: q42
When does a transaction enter the 'Partially committed' state?
Question 43 of 60 Quiz ID: q43
When does a transaction enter the 'Failed' state?
Question 44 of 60 Quiz ID: q44
What happens when a transaction is in the 'Aborted' state?
Question 45 of 60 Quiz ID: q45
What are the two options available after a transaction has been aborted?
Question 46 of 60 Quiz ID: q46
When can a transaction be restarted after being aborted?
Question 47 of 60 Quiz ID: q47
When does a transaction enter the 'Committed' state?
Question 48 of 60 Quiz ID: q48
Which query processing step involves checking syntax and verifying relations?
Question 49 of 60 Quiz ID: q49
What type of algorithms can be used for each relational algebra operation?
Question 50 of 60 Quiz ID: q50
In what ways can a relational-algebra expression be evaluated?
Question 51 of 60 Quiz ID: q51
What defines exactly what algorithm is used for each operation in query execution?
Question 52 of 60 Quiz ID: q52
Besides statistical information about relations, what else is needed for cost estimation?
Question 53 of 60 Quiz ID: q53
What fundamental requirement must be preserved by the database system?
Question 54 of 60 Quiz ID: q54
During concurrent transaction execution, what creates the need for isolation?
Question 55 of 60 Quiz ID: q55
In the transaction state diagram, which states can lead to the Aborted state?
Question 56 of 60 Quiz ID: q56
What is the primary reason disk access is considered the predominant cost factor?
Question 57 of 60 Quiz ID: q57
What happens to a transaction that moves from Partially Committed to Committed state?
Question 58 of 60 Quiz ID: q58
Why might equivalent relational algebra expressions have different execution costs?
Question 59 of 60 Quiz ID: q59
What is the relationship between transaction isolation and serial execution?
Question 60 of 60 Quiz ID: q60
In the context of cost-based optimization, what is the ultimate goal of generating multiple equivalent expressions?

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